PHP: if

A typical web developer knows exactly how a PHP if statement looks like:

   if ( expression ) {
      // if the expression was true proceed here
   } else {
      // there was a false expression
  }

HTML mess with PHP

When it comes to merge PHP and HTML the things are becoming ugly. Indeed most of the template systems as Smarty are improved and developed to overcome this issue, however when working with a native PHP code with no template system or with template system where the PHP code is allowed the things are really bad.

Let me show this in a breve example. Image you have to show different formatted HTML depending on a PHP expression. Something like that

<?php if (expression) { ?>
<div class="message">OK. Your registration is successful</div>
<?php } else { ?>
<div class="error">Something went wrong! Please try again later! </div>
<?php } ?>

Now you can see how difficult to maintain this code is when it doesn’t make use of only one code of HTML markup. Imaging you’ve to print differently formatted tables! Indeed the PHP curly brackets are different to follow.

PHP: the different IF syntax

So there is a PHP syntax that tries to help you manage this. You can write more human readable code like this:

<?php if ( expression ) : ?>
<div>message goes here</div>
<?php endif ?>

Thus you get the ENDIF instead of only one curly bracket. That’s indeed readable enough. In fact you can use this syntax with any conditional or loop statement in PHP:

<?php foreach($array as $key => $val) : ?>
<div class="message"><?php echo $val ?></div><br />
<?php endforeach ?>

To return in the previous example the code above should be transformed in that:

<?php if ( expression ) : ?>
<div class="message">some message here!</div>
<?php else : ?>
<div class="error">some error here!</div>
<?php endif ?>